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I ll Never Sing Again Florence Foster Jenkins

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American soprano, renowned for her lack of musical skill and singing ability

Florence Foster Jenkins
Florence Foster Jenkins.jpg
Born

Narcissa Florence Foster


(1868-07-nineteen)July xix, 1868

Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, U.South.
Died November 26, 1944(1944-11-26) (anile 76)

Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
Occupation Amateur singer, socialite
Years agile 1912–1944
Spouse(southward) Frank Thornton Jenkins (1885–1906, separated 1886)
Partner(due south) St. Clair Bayfield (1909–1944; her death)

Florence Foster Jenkins (born Narcissa Florence Foster;[a] July 19, 1868 – November 26, 1944) was an American socialite and apprentice soprano who became known, and mocked, for her flamboyant performance costumes and notably poor singing power. Stephen Pile ranked her "the world's worst opera singer... No i, earlier or since, has succeeded in liberating themselves quite so completely from the shackles of musical notation."[one]

Despite – or perhaps because of – her technical incompetence she became a prominent musical cult-effigy in New York City during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s. Cole Porter, Gian Carlo Menotti, Lily Pons, Sir Thomas Beecham, and other celebrities were fans.[2] [three] Enrico Caruso reportedly "regarded her with amore and respect".[iv]

The poet William Meredith wrote that a Jenkins recital "was never exactly an artful experience, or only to the caste that an early Christian among the lions provided artful experience; it was importantly immolatory, and Madame Jenkins was e'er eaten, in the terminate."[v]

Personal life and early career [edit]

Narcissa Florence Foster was built-in July nineteen, 1868, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania,[6] the daughter of Charles Dorrance Foster (1836–1909), an chaser and scion of a wealthy land-owning Pennsylvania family,[7] [8] and Mary Jane Hoagland Foster (1851–1930).[9] Her only sibling, a younger sister named Lillian, died of diphtheria in 1883 at the historic period of eight.[ten] [11] [12]

Foster said her interest in public performance began when she was seven years former.[13] A pianist, she performed at order functions as "Little Miss Foster",[5] and gave a recital at the White House during the administration of Rutherford B. Hayes.[13] After graduating from high schoolhouse, her hopes of studying music in Europe were dashed when her male parent refused permission and funding. In 1885, at the historic period of 17, Florence eloped with Frank Thornton Jenkins, a physician 16 years her senior, to Philadelphia, where they married.[11] The following year, afterward learning that she had contracted syphilis from her married man, she ended their relationship and reportedly never spoke of him over again. Years subsequently, she claimed to have been granted a divorce prescript on March 24, 1902, although no documentation of whatsoever such ruling has been institute.[14] She retained the Jenkins surname for the residue of her life.

Subsequently an arm injury ended her aspirations as a pianist, Jenkins gave piano lessons in Philadelphia to support herself, but effectually 1900 she moved with her mother to New York City.[13] In 1909, in her early forties, Jenkins met a 33-year-one-time British thespian named St. Clair Bayfield; they began a vaguely defined cohabitation relationship that continued the residual of her life.[15] Upon her father's death later that yr,[11] Jenkins became the beneficiary of a sizable trust, and resolved to resume her musical career as a vocalizer with Bayfield as her director.[16] She began taking vocalism lessons and immersed herself in wealthy New York Urban center social club, joining dozens of social clubs. As the "chairman of music" for many of these organizations, she began producing lavish tableaux vivants, popular diversions in upper-crust social circles of that era.[5] In each of these productions, Jenkins would bandage herself as the main character in the final tableau, wearing an elaborate costume of her ain blueprint.[thirteen] In a widely republished photograph, Jenkins poses in a costume, complete with celestial wings, from her tableau inspired by Howard Chandler Christy's painting Stephen Foster and the Angel of Inspiration.[17]

Jenkins began giving private song recitals in 1912 when she was 44 years old.[16] In 1917, she became founder and President Soprano Hostess of her own social organization, the Verdi Social club.[7] [18] Its membership apace swelled to over 400; honorary members included Enrico Caruso and Geraldine Farrar.[5] When Jenkins's mother died in 1930, boosted financial resources became bachelor for the expansion and promotion of her singing career.[xix]

Vocal career [edit]

According to published reviews and other contemporary accounts, Jenkins's proficiency at the piano did not translate well to her singing. She is described every bit having great difficulty with such basic vocal skills as pitch, rhythm, and sustaining notes and phrases.[xx] In recordings, her accompanist Cosmé McMoon can be heard making adjustments to compensate for her constant tempo variations and rhythmic mistakes,[21] just at that place was little he could practice to muffle her inaccurate intonation. She was consistently flat, sometimes considerably so. Her diction was similarly substandard, specially with foreign-language lyrics.

The difficult operatic arias that Jenkins chose to perform—all well beyond her technical ability and song range—served merely to emphasize these deficiencies.[twenty] "There's no manner to even pedagogically talk over it", said song instructor Pecker Schuman. "It's amazing that she'south fifty-fifty attempting to sing that music."[22] The opera impresario Ira Siff, who dubbed her "the anti-Callas", said, "Jenkins was exquisitely bad, so bad that it added upwards to quite a practiced evening of theater ... She would stray from the original music, and practice insightful and instinctual things with her vocalisation, but in a terribly distorted way. There was no end to the horribleness ... They say Cole Porter had to blindside his cane into his foot in social club not to laugh out loud when she sang. She was that bad."[xv] All the same, Porter rarely missed a recital.[23]

The question of whether "Lady Florence"—every bit she liked to be called, and often signed her autographs[fifteen]—was in on the joke, or honestly believed she had vocal talent, remains a matter of debate. On the one hand, she compared herself favorably with renowned sopranos Frieda Hempel and Luisa Tetrazzini, and seemed oblivious to the abundant audience laughter during her performances.[24] Her loyal friends endeavored to disguise the laughter with cheers and adulation; they oftentimes described her technique to curious inquirers in "intentionally ambiguous" terms. For example, "her singing at its finest suggests the untrammeled swoop of some dandy bird".[25] Favorable manufactures and bland reviews, published in specialty music publications such as The Musical Courier, were well-nigh probable written past her friends or herself.[13] "I would say that she maybe didn't know [how badly she sang]", said mezzo-soprano Marilyn Horne. "We can't hear ourselves every bit others hear us." Nervus damage due to syphilis and its treatment (run into below) may have physically compromised her hearing every bit well.[22]

On the other manus, Jenkins refused to open up her performances to the full general public, and was clearly aware of her detractors. "People may say I can't sing", she once remarked to a friend, "simply no one can ever say I didn't sing."[5] She dismissed her original accompanist, Edwin McArthur, later catching him giving her audience "a knowing smile" during a performance.[26] She went to great lengths to control admission to her private recitals, which took place at her flat, in minor clubs, and each October at the Verdi Guild'south annual "Ball of the Silver Skylarks" in the Ritz-Carlton Hotel's Grand Ballroom. Attendance, by personal invitation simply, was restricted to her loyal clubwomen and a select few others. Jenkins handled distribution of the coveted tickets herself, carefully excluding strangers, particularly music critics.[13] "There's no manner she could not take known", said Schuman. "No one is that unaware ... she loved the audition reaction and she loved singing. Only she knew."[22]

Despite her conscientious efforts to insulate her singing from public exposure, a preponderance of contemporaneous opinion favored the view that Jenkins's self-delusion was genuine. "At that fourth dimension Frank Sinatra had started to sing, and the teenagers used to faint during his notes and scream", McMoon told an interviewer. "So she thought she was producing the same kind of an effect."[22] "Florence didn't recall she was pulling anyone's leg", said opera historian Albert Innaurato. "She was compos mentis, not a lunatic. She was a very proper, complex private."[15] As an anonymous obituary writer afterward put it, "Her ears, schooled in abiding introversion, heard only the radiant tones which never issued forth to quell the mirth of her audiences."[17]

Her recitals featured arias from the standard operatic repertoire by Mozart, Verdi, and Johann Strauss; lieder by Brahms; Valverde'south Spanish waltz "Clavelitos" ("Little Carnations"); and songs composed by herself and McMoon.[5] As in her tableaux, she complemented her performances with elaborate costumes of her ain pattern, often involving wings, tinsel, and flowers. She would perform "Clavelitos" dressed as Carmen, complete with castanets and a wicker basket of flowers, clicking the castanets and tossing the flowers one by one. When she ran out of flowers, she flung the handbasket also—and then the castanets. Her fans, aware that "Clavelitos" was her favorite vocal, would usually demand an encore, prompting her to send McMoon into the audience to retrieve flowers, basket, and castanets so that she could sing the number once again.[16]

Florence Foster Jenkins program.jpg

Once when a taxi in which she was riding collided with another car, Jenkins let out a high-pitched scream. Upon arriving home, she went immediately to her pianoforte and confirmed (at to the lowest degree to herself) that the note she had screamed was the fabled F above loftier C, a pitch she had never before been able to reach. Overjoyed, she refused to press charges against either involved party, and even sent the taxi driver a box of expensive cigars.[fifteen] [27] McMoon said neither he "nor anyone else" ever heard her actually sing a high F, however.[23]

At the historic period of 76, Jenkins finally yielded to public demand and booked Carnegie Hall for a general-admission performance that took place on October 25, 1944.[20] Tickets for the result sold out weeks in advance; the demand was such that an estimated ii,000 people were turned abroad at the door of the 2,800-seat venue.[23] Numerous celebrities attended, including Porter, Marge Champion, Gian Carlo Menotti, Kitty Carlisle and Lily Pons with her husband, Andre Kostelanetz, who equanimous a vocal for the recital. McMoon after recalled a moment: "[When she sang] 'If my silhouette does non convince you yet/My effigy surely will' [from Adele's aria in Dice Fledermaus, she put her hands righteously to her hips and went into a circular dance that was the most ludicrous thing I accept ever seen. And created a pandemonium in the place. One famous actress had to be carried out of her box because she became and so hysterical."[24]

Since ticket distribution was out of Jenkins's control for the start time, mockers, scoffers, and critics could no longer be kept at bay. The following morning's newspapers were filled with scathing, sarcastic reviews that devastated Jenkins, co-ordinate to Bayfield.[13] "[Mrs. Jenkins] has a corking voice", wrote the New York Dominicus critic. "In fact, she can sing everything except notes ... Much of her singing was hopelessly lacking in a semblance of pitch, but the further a note was from its proper meridian the more the audience laughed and applauded." The New York Post was even less charitable: "Lady Florence ... indulged concluding night in one of the weirdest mass jokes New York has ever seen."[24]

Five days later the concert, Jenkins suffered a heart set on while shopping at G. Schirmer's music shop, and died a month after on November 26, 1944, at her Manhattan residence, the Hotel Seymour.[11] [18] She was buried next to her father in the Foster mausoleum, Hollenback Cemetery, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.[24]

Possible influence of health problems [edit]

Some of Jenkins's performance difficulties have been attributed to untreated syphilis, which causes progressive deterioration of the central nervous system in its later stages.[28] Nerve damage and other morbidities caused by the disease may take been compounded by toxic side effects—such as hearing loss—from mercury and arsenic, the prevailing (and largely ineffective) remedies of the pre-antibiotic era.[29] Past the time penicillin became generally available in the 1940s, Jenkins's illness had progressed to the tertiary phase, which is unresponsive to antibiotics.[thirteen]

Recordings [edit]

Sound [edit]

The merely professional sound recordings of Jenkins consist of nine selections on five 78-rpm records (Melotone Recording Studio, New York City, 1941–1944), produced by Jenkins, at her expense,[2] and sold to her friends at $2.fifty[b] a copy.[17] The selections include 4 coloratura arias from operas by Mozart, Delibes, Johann Strauss II, and Félicien David, and five art songs, two written for Jenkins past her accompanist, Cosmé McMoon. 7 of the selections were released by RCA Victor on a 10-inch LP in 1954, and reissued on a 12-inch LP in 1962, The Glory (????) of the Man Vocalization.[30]

  • A-side
  1. Mozart: "Queen of the Nighttime aria", from The Magic Flute (in English language)
  2. Liadoff: "The Musical Snuff-Box" (English version past Adele Epstein)
  3. McMoon: "Like a Bird" (words by Jenkins)
  4. Delibes: "Bell Song", from Lakmé (in French)
  5. David: "Charmant oiseau" (with flute and piano), from La perle du Brésil (in French)
  6. Bach/Pavlovich: "Biassy" (based on the prelude from Bach's Prelude and Fugue in G small, BWV 861, words by Alexander Pushkin, in Russian)
  7. Johann Strauss Two: "Mein Herr Marquis" (Adele's Laughing Song) from Dice Fledermaus (English version past Lorraine Noel Finley)
  • B-side A Faust Travesty (from Gounod'southward Faust), Jenny Williams (soprano), Thomas Burns (pianoforte)
  1. "Valentine's Aria" (Ere I get out my native land)
  2. "Precious stone Vocal" (O heavenly jewels)
  3. "Salut, demeure" (Emotions strange)
  4. Concluding Trio (My heart is overcome with terror, sung as a duet)

The material has since been reissued in various combinations on four CDs:

  • The Glory (????) of the Human Voice (Sony Classical/RCA Victor Gold Seal, OCLC 968787814, 1992), a reissue of the 1962 Victor recording with the song "Serenata Mexicana" by McMoon added.
  • The Truly Unforgettable Voice of Florence Foster Jenkins (Sony Classical/RCA Cerise Seal 88985319622)

(2016 Remaster, same as previous RCA Victor CD but includes an interview with Cosmé McMoon)

  • Florence Foster Jenkins & Friends: Murder on the Loftier Cs (Naxos Records, OCLC 873003955, 2003) contains the 8 selections from the 1992 reissue of Glory(????) plus "Valse Caressante" by McMoon.
  • The Muse Surmounted: Florence Foster Jenkins and 11 of Her Rivals (Homophone Records, OCLC 58399998, 2004) includes one Jenkins song, "Valse Caressante", plus a brief interview with McMoon.

Film [edit]

Jenkins commissioned filming of her performances at the Verdi Order's signature annual event, the "Ball of the Silver Skylarks", held each Oct at the Ritz Carlton Hotel.[31] All were thought lost[32] until copies of the 1934 through 1939 and 1941 films were discovered in 2009.[33] Jenkins historian Donald Collup has appear plans to feature excerpts from her filmed performances in an upcoming documentary.[34]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Stage productions [edit]

  • Precious Few, a play about Jenkins and the English language novelist Ronald Firbank, past Terry Sneed, premiered in 1994 at Wildwood Park for the Performing Arts in Little Rock, Arkansas.
  • Goddess of Vocal, a one-adult female play past South African playwright Charles J. Fourie, performed by Carolyn Lewis, was staged in 1999 at the Java Lounge in Greatcoat Town, South Africa.
  • Viva La Diva, past Chris Ballance, debuted in 2001 at the Edinburgh Fringe.[35]
  • Souvenir: a Fantasia on Florence Foster Jenkins, by Stephen Temperley, opened off-Broadway at the York Theatre in 2004 with Jack Lee equally Cosme McMoon and Judy Kaye as Jenkins. After an interim appointment at the Berkshire Theater Festival, information technology opened on Broadway at the Lyceum Theater in 2005, directed past Vivian Matalon and starring Donald Corren and Judy Kaye.[36] Kaye summarized the difficulties of her function: "It's hard work to sing desperately well. You could sing desperately desperately for a while, just y'all'll hurt yourself if y'all practise it for long."[37]
  • Glorious!, past Peter Quilter,[38] opened in 2005 in London's West End with Maureen Lipman starring every bit Jenkins. It was nominated for an Olivier Award as Best New Comedy,[39] and has since been performed in more than forty countries in 27 languages.[40]

Other media [edit]

  • Anne McCaffrey'due south 1994 short piece "Euterpe on a Fling" is a fictional interview with Jenkins that drew from facts known about her life and career.[41]
  • The biographical documentary Florence Foster Jenkins: A World of Her Ain was released in 2007.[28]
  • "Florence Foster Jenkins", a track on the 2009 self-titled anthology past the indie folk band Everyday Visuals, is "a salute to artists who stubbornly strive against long odds".[42]
  • Jenkins was the subject of the "Not My Chore" segment of NPR'due south radio programme Wait Await... Don't Tell Me! on October 25, 2009. NBC news anchor Brian Williams, the show's special guest, was asked a series of trivia questions about Jenkins, whom he nicknamed "Flo Fo". The broadcast took place in Carnegie Hall on the 65th ceremony of her operation there.[43]
  • The 2022 French characteristic film Marguerite was loosely inspired by Jenkins'southward life and career.[44]
  • Florence Foster Jenkins, a British bio-picture starring Meryl Streep in the championship role, was directed by Stephen Frears and premiered in London on April 12, 2016,[45] [46] and in New York on August 12, 2016. Streep was widely praised for her portrayal, and received an Academy Laurels nomination.[47]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ I reference, Encyclopaedia Britannica, lists her first name equally "Nascina", but according to all others, including the 1870 Federal Census, information technology is Narcissa.
  2. ^ $2.50 was a considerable sum – equivalent to approximately $45 in 2022 – at a time when a typical phonograph record sold for 25 to l cents.

References [edit]

  1. ^ Pile, Stephen (2011). The Ultimate Volume of Heroic Failures. Faber and Faber. p. 115. ISBN978-0-571-27728-5.
  2. ^ a b Florence Foster Jenkins Archived November 12, 2016, at the Wayback Machine at American National Biography Online, retrieved October 18, 2016.
  3. ^ "Celebrity fan guild: the stars who loved the earth's worst singer" Archived April 4, 2018, at the Wayback Motorcar, The Daily Telegraph, retrieved September 20, 2016.
  4. ^ Florence Foster Jenkins Archived July five, 2003, at the Wayback Machine at maxbass.com, retrieved November 21, 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d eastward f The Worst Singer in the World. psmag.com, retrieved August 11, 2016.
  6. ^ "Florence Foster Jenkins". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on April 16, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2019.
  7. ^ a b "Music. Dreamer". Time. November nineteen, 1934. Archived from the original on Baronial thirteen, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  8. ^ Skrapits, Elizabeth, "Opera singer'southward family owned country" Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Auto Citizens' Voice, December 24, 2014, retrieved March 28, 2015.
  9. ^ Foster biography Archived Nov 12, 2016, at the Wayback Car at anb.org, accessed March 28, 2015.
  10. ^ Oxford Reference: Jenkins, Florence Foster (née Foster, Nascina Florence) Archived Feb 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine accessed Jan 30, 2016.
  11. ^ a b c d Otto, Julie Helen. "Ancestry of Florence Foster Jenkins". William Addams Reitwiesner Genealogical Services. Archived from the original on April xxx, 2017. Retrieved April five, 2007.
  12. ^ Lowry, Marking (August 10, 2016). "Fort Worth human's flick inspired Streep's Florence Foster Jenkins". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Archived from the original on August 6, 2017. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
  13. ^ a b c d east f m h Collup, D: Florence Foster Jenkins: A Globe of Her Own. DVD, Video Artists Int'l (2007). OCLC 191749195
  14. ^ Martin & Rees 2016, pp. 28–30.
  15. ^ a b c d eastward Peters, Brooks, "Florence, The Nightingale?," June 15, 2006 (also appeared, just in slightly dissimilar format, in Opera News magazine) 65 (12): 20–23 Archived March 16, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ a b c MacIntyre, F. Gwynplaine (June 23, 2004). "Happy in her work". Daily News. New York Metropolis. Archived from the original on August 10, 2004. Retrieved Dec 23, 2008.
  17. ^ a b c "Florence Foster Jenkins: An Appreciation". Loyola University New Orleans Special Collections and Archives Online. Melotone Recording Studio. 1946. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  18. ^ a b "Mrs. Florence F. Jenkins. Founder of Verdi Club. Gave Recital Here on October. 25". The New York Times. November 27, 1944. Archived from the original on July 26, 2018. Retrieved July 25, 2018.
  19. ^ Foster family tree Archived April xxx, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, wargs.com; accessed March 28, 2015.
  20. ^ a b c "Florence F. Jenkins in Recital". The New York Times. October 26, 1944. Archived from the original on July 26, 2018. Retrieved July 25, 2018. (subscription required)
  21. ^ Piano ma non solo, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, Anagramme Ed., 2012, pp. 140–141; ISBN 978 two 35035 333 3.
  22. ^ a b c d Huizenga, T. Killing Me Sharply With Her Song: The Improbable Story Of Florence Foster Jenkins Archived November 7, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. NPR.org (August 10, 2016), retrieved October 25, 2016.
  23. ^ a b c Getlen, Larry, "How the world'southward worst vocalist made a career equally a musician" Archived Oct 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, New York Mail service, July 30, 2016, retrieved Baronial 15, 2016.
  24. ^ a b c d Queen of the Dark Archived September vii, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. NPR.org (August one, 2014), retrieved August fifteen, 2016.
  25. ^ Felton, Bruce (1980) "That's Amusement? six Perfectly Wretched Performers", pp. 162–163, in The Book of Lists #two, edited past Irving Wallace, et al., London: Elm Tree Books, ISBN 0241104335.
  26. ^ Martin & Rees 2016, p. 38.
  27. ^ Martin & Rees 2016, p. 44.
  28. ^ a b Jeremy Nicholas, "Review: Florence Foster Jenkins – (A) Earth of Her Own" Archived April eighteen, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Gramophone.
  29. ^ Martin & Rees 2016, p. 28.
  30. ^ The Glory (????) of the Human Vocalization (1962) at Discogs
  31. ^ Historic Films Stock Footage Annal (Oct 19, 2016), The Real Florence Foster Jenkins – The Lost Films, archived from the original on December 12, 2021, retrieved October 30, 2016
  32. ^ Collup, Donald. "Orchids, Tiaras, Minks, Ermines and Top Hats: My contempo revelations nearly Florence Foster Jenkins". collup.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  33. ^ Collup, Donald (January 2016). "Discovering a Survival". collup.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved Oct 30, 2016.
  34. ^ Silent Revelations: The Films of Florence Foster Jenkins on YouTube
  35. ^ "Singing sensation Florence Foster Jenkins". CBC. August 8, 2008. Archived from the original on February 18, 2021. Retrieved Jan 28, 2010.
  36. ^ Elysa Gardner (November x, 2005). "'Souvenir' squeals with diva please". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved Jan 28, 2010.
  37. ^ Dark-green, Jesse (2004), "Singing Badly Well", The New York Times, December 5, 2004, p. AR6.
  38. ^ Quilter, Peter (2005). Glorious. London and New York: Bloomsbury Methuen Press. ISBN978-0413775405. Archived from the original on June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
  39. ^ "Maureen Lipman on soprano Florence Foster Jenkins". The Guardian. London. November three, 2005. Archived from the original on September 24, 2016. Retrieved Jan 23, 2011.
  40. ^ Charles Spencer (November 4, 2005). "The triumph of a comforting illusion". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
  41. ^ McCaffrey, Anne (May 1994). The Girl Who Heard Dragons . Tor Books. pp. 78–89. ISBN978-0312931735 . Retrieved Oct 29, 2017. I carefully unfolded the two yellowed and at present frail clippings attached to my scrawled sheets, and suddenly it was every bit if I were back in that dark corner of the gloomy old Seymour Lounge, where Madame Jenkins had agreed to meet me.
  42. ^ Jonathan Perry (May 12, 2009). "Visuals: from high notes to heavy subjects". The Boston World. Archived from the original on Oct 25, 2012. Retrieved Jan 28, 2010.
  43. ^ "NBC News Anchor Brian Williams Plays 'Not My Task'". NPR. October 24, 2009. Archived from the original on January 28, 2010. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
  44. ^ "'Marguerite': Venice Review". Archived from the original on April 26, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  45. ^ "Florence Foster Jenkins London premiere April 12". simplystreep.com. Archived from the original on Baronial 28, 2016. Retrieved Baronial 25, 2016.
  46. ^ "London premiere of Florence Foster Jenkins". starwatchbyline.com. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  47. ^ Evans, Suzy, "'Florence Foster Jenkins' Screenwriter, Co-Stars Praise Meryl Streep's Dedication, Commitment" Archived August 20, 2016, at the Wayback Auto, Hollywood Reporter, Baronial 10, 2016, retrieved September 19, 2016.

Sources

  • Martin, Nicholas; Rees, Jasper (2016). Florence Foster Jenkins: The Inspiring True Story of the World'due south Worst Singer. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN978-1250115959.

External links [edit]

  • Florence Foster Jenkins at Notice a Grave
  • Florence Foster Jenkins ephemera, a scrapbook kept for Jenkins and her husband, St. Clair Bayfield, in the Music Sectionalization of The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
  • Liner-notes from the RCA CD, photos, and an article on Jenkins past Daniel Dixon
  • Maureen Lipman, "Playing the diva of din", The Guardian, November 3, 2005
  • "Tra-la-laughable, but loving it" about the play Glorious!, The Sydney Morning Herald (Oct iv, 2007)
  • v People Who Failed Their Way to Fame And Fortune – #2. Florence Foster Jenkins

tanneryoulad.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence_Foster_Jenkins

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